ECSA Calls for Comprehensive Approach to Prevent Occupational Lung Diseases in Mines

Malawi-The East, Central, and Southern Africa Health Community (ECSA) has emphasized the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to preventing occupational lung diseases in mines, writes Meclina Chirwa.

ECSA Senior Program Officer, Dr Miriam Urasa, highlighted key measures such as early identification through screening and contact tracing, improved ventilation systems, and the use of masks in high-risk transmission settings to combat tuberculosis (TB) in mining environments.

According to Dr. Urasa, miners in most African countries face a significantly higher risk of TB compared to other working populations worldwide.

"The incidence of TB among miners is estimated to be up to ten times higher than in the general population. Working conditions within mines create an environment conducive to TB transmission, with silica dust exposure and poorly ventilated spaces," she explained.

Christopher Mzumara of the Mchenga coal mine in Rumphi stated that while the government is striving to provide screening services in mines, some employers do not allow their employees to receive better medical services when diagnosed with TB.

“There is a lot happening on the ground,” he said.

“Sometimes we are provided with protective gear during inspections, but not during normal working days, risking our lives to diseases like TB.”

Frank Mapale, of Lunzu Quarry Stone, expressed gratitude for the Ministry of Health’s initiative to bring TB services to mines.

“Every week we get screened, and when diagnosed with TB, you are excused until you finish your medication,” he said.

The ECSA, in collaboration with ministries of health, is currently implementing the third phase of TB in the mining sector (TIMS 3) in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region.

The program focuses on awareness, education, strengthening enforcement of standards, and targeting priority industries to enhance mine safety.

TB in the mining sector has long been recognized as a critical issue in Southern Africa. In 2012, the SADC heads of state signed a declaration on TB in mines, urging the relevant ministers to initiate implementation and monitor progress.

The ongoing efforts aim to address the challenges and improve the health outcomes of miners.

The global TB burden remains significant, with an estimated 10.6 million people falling ill with TB in 2021.

Alarmingly, only 6.4 million cases were detected and notified, leaving a substantial gap of 3.6 million undiagnosed and untreated cases.

The 30 high TB-burden countries accounted for 87% of new TB cases reported.

Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected TB reporting, resulting in a drop in the number of reported cases.

As efforts are underway to combat the COVID-19 crisis, it is crucial to maintain a focus on TB prevention and control to minimize its impact on vulnerable populations.

The ECSA's call for a comprehensive approach to tackle occupational lung diseases in mines underscores the importance of prioritizing the health and well-being of miners and preventing the spread of TB in these high-risk environments.